Leukotriene/Lipoxin GPCR Family Subtypes and Products

Leukotriene receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprised of four receptor subtypes: leukotriene B4 receptors (BLTs) and cysteinyl leukotriene receptors (CysLTs), in addition to mediator proteins oxoeicosanoid (OXE) receptor, and formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2/ALX). BLT receptors (BLT1 and BLT2) are involved in immunomodulation and chemotaxis, and are vital in understanding the mechanisms behind diseases such as asthma, arthritis, aortic aneurysms, cancer, and sclerosis. CysLT receptors (CysLT1 and CysLT2) are involved in smooth muscle contraction and the regulation of vascular permeability. CysLT antagonists are being used clinically for asthma and allergic rhinitis, and research is being done to determine the therapeutic application of CysLT antagonists for stroke prevention. Research is also being done into the use of OXE receptor antagonists as treatments for cancer and eosinophilic diseases.