Bile Acid GPCR Family Subtypes and Products

Bile acids are steroid acids synthesized within the liver, making up roughly 80% of the components of bile. The principal bile acids in humans are comprised of two subsets of bile acids, primary and secondary. Primary bile acids include cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid, and secondary bile acids include deoxycholic and lithocholic acid. The primary function of these bile acids is the digestion of fats and oils. G protein-coupled bile acid receptor (GPBA) agonists can help stimulate GLP-1 secretion, aiding in the treatment of obesity and increasing glucose homeostasis.