Melanocortin GPCR Family Subtypes and Products

Melanocortin receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprised of five receptor subtypes: MC1, MC2, MC3, MC4, and MC5. Melanocortin receptors are involved in a variety of functions, such as addiction, energy regulation, erectile function, memory, mood, and nociception. Research is being done into the therapeutic application of MC4 antagonists  in treating post-traumatic stress disorders, and its concurrent symptoms, while MC4 agonists have potential application as a weight-loss therapy. Research is also being done on MC1 and MC5 receptors, specifically their role in inflammation, emotional regulation, and neurodegenerative diseases.